Information Contained in Molecular Motion

Abstract

The equivalence between information and entropy is used to interpret the entropy of a molecular gas as missing information about its internal state of motion. Our considerations show that thermodynamic information is principally composed of two parts which continually change in the course of gas-kinetic collisions. While the first part relates to energy carried by the individual molecules in the form of kinetic energy and in internal excitations, the second relates to information concerned with the location of the molecules within their own mean-free volumes. It is shown that this second kind of information is generated in gas-kinetic collisions and rapidly deteriorated and lost by quantum mechanical dispersion until it is re-gained in follow-on collisions. It is proposed that gas-kinetic collisions can be regarded as measurement processes in which information is continually gained, deteriorated and erased. As these processes occur naturally without any human intervention, it is argued that thermodynamic information—like entropy—fully qualifies as an objective physical quantity.