The Role of HECT E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is estimated to rank as the second reason for cancer-related deaths, and the prognosis of CRC patients remains unsatisfactory. Numerous studies on gastrointestinal cell biology have shown that the E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination exerts key functions in the pathogenesis of CRC. The homologous to E6-associated protein C-terminus (HECT) family E3 ligases are a major group of E3 enzymes, featured with the presence of a catalytic HECT domain, which participate in multiple cellular processes; thus, alterations in HECT E3 ligases in function or expression are closely related to the occurrence and development of many human malignancies, including—but not limited to—CRC. In this review, we summarize the potential role of HECT E3 ligases in colorectal carcinogenesis and the related underlying molecular mechanism to expand our understanding of their pathological functions. Exploiting specific inhibitors targeting HECT E3 ligases could be a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC therapy in the future.