Physiochemical and Nutritional Characteristics of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food Prepared Using Bambara Groundnut-Moringa oleifera Leaf Protein Complex

Abstract

The utilisation of local raw material in the production of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) is worthy of exploration for the replacement of full-fat milk, peanut butter, mineral and vitamin mix used in the standard formulation. The objective of this study was to produce snack bars that will meet the protein requirement set by World Health Organisation (WHO) for RUTF (13–16% by weight) using the Bambara groundnut-Moringa oleifera leaf protein complex (BAMOLP). The BAMOnut snack bars were simulated using the mixture preparation procedure in Superpro Designer to determine different proportions of BAMOLP, Moringa oleifera leaf powder, egusi, oats, and millet. Three bars formulated were; BAMOnut-OB3 (BAMOnut Bar enriched with oats and 3% BAMOLP), BAMOnut-MB2 (BAMOnut Bar enriched with millet and 2% BAMOLP), and BAMOnut-OMB5 (BAMOnut Bar enriched with oats, millets, and 5% BAMOLP). The snack bars were assessed for physical, nutritional, proximate and bench-top sensory properties. BAMOnut-OB3 was firmer and less crumbly, with a larger particle size. BAMOnut-OB3 had the lowest water activity, lightest colour and the best amino acid profile. The moisture (4.9%), protein (14.1%), fat (19.3%), carbohydrate (59.7%), and energy (468.6 Kcal/100 g) of BAMOnut-OB3, compare favourably with the requirements for RUTF (2.5% moisture, 13–16% protein, 26–36% fat, 41–58% carbohydrate, and 520–550 Kcal/100 g energy). Local raw materials can be successfully used in the production of RUTF.