Japanese Magazine Articles on Lifestyle Factors Associated with Fertility: A Content Analysis

Abstract

Knowledge of the contributing factors of infertility is essential to optimizing the reproductive health of the population. Magazines are a major source of informational health messages; this study quantitatively and inductively examined the information in Japanese fertility-related magazine articles on modifiable lifestyle and risk factors associated with fertility. We conducted a content analysis in two major fertility-related magazines published between 2014 and 2020 that individuals attempting to conceive were likely to read. We also identified evidence-based lifestyle factors associated with reduced fertility after reviewing the scientific literature. In total, 76 lifestyle factors were mentioned in the magazine articles. A total of 9 of these 10 evidence-based lifestyle risk factors were among the 20 factors most frequently mentioned. Thus, the evidence-based lifestyle factors were well-discussed, but the articles focused heavily on nutritional factors. Health check-ups were not covered as extensively as nutrition and diet, although physical examination can uncover physiological causes of infertility. Some lifestyle factors in the articles had not been sufficiently scientifically examined. Too many recommendations were given in the magazine articles. This may induce a feeling of being overwhelmed in readers. The publishers of magazines should provide balanced information, consider prioritizing lifestyle factors by conclusive scientific evidence, and disseminate accurate information.