Prevalence and Risk Factors of Infection in the Representative COVID-19 Cohort Munich

Author:

Pritsch MichaelORCID,Radon Katja,Bakuli AbhishekORCID,Le Gleut Ronan,Olbrich LauraORCID,Guggenbüehl Noller Jessica,Saathoff Elmar,Castelletti Noemi,Garí MercèORCID,Pütz Peter,Schälte Yannik,Frahnow TuridORCID,Wölfel Roman,Rothe Camilla,Pletschette Michel,Metaxa Dafni,Forster Felix,Thiel Verena,Rieß Friedrich,Diefenbach Maximilian,Fröschl GünterORCID,Bruger Jan,Winter Simon,Frese Jonathan,Puchinger Kerstin,Brand Isabel,Kroidl Inge,Hasenauer Jan,Fuchs ChristianeORCID,Wieser Andreas,Hoelscher Michael,

Abstract

Given the large number of mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 cases, only population-based studies can provide reliable estimates of the magnitude of the pandemic. We therefore aimed to assess the sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the Munich general population after the first wave of the pandemic. For this purpose, we drew a representative sample of 2994 private households and invited household members 14 years and older to complete questionnaires and to provide blood samples. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was defined as Roche N pan-Ig ≥ 0.4218. We adjusted the prevalence for the sampling design, sensitivity, and specificity. We investigated risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and geospatial transmission patterns by generalized linear mixed models and permutation tests. Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was 1.82% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–2.37%) as compared to 0.46% PCR-positive cases officially registered in Munich. Loss of the sense of smell or taste was associated with seropositivity (odds ratio (OR) 47.4; 95% CI 7.2–307.0) and infections clustered within households. By this first population-based study on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in a large German municipality not affected by a superspreading event, we could show that at least one in four cases in private households was reported and known to the health authorities. These results will help authorities to estimate the true burden of disease in the population and to take evidence-based decisions on public health measures.

Funder

Bavarian State Ministry of Science and the Arts

University of Bonn

University of Bielefeld

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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