The Control of Fusarium Root Rot and Development of Coastal Pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) Seedlings in a Container Nursery by Use of Bacillus licheniformis MH48

Abstract

This study investigated the control of Fusarium root rot and development of coastal pine (Pinus thunbergii) seedlings in a container nursery by using Bacillus licheniformis MH48. High-quality seedlings without infectious diseases cause vigorous growth. Fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum is responsible for serious damage to coastal pine seedlings in nurseries. B. licheniformis MH48 produced enzymes that degraded the fungal cell walls, such as chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. These lytic enzymes exhibited destructive activity toward F. oxysporum hyphae, which were found to play key roles in the suppression of root rot. In addition, B. licheniformis MH48 increased the nitrogen and phosphorus in soils via fixed atmospheric nitrogen and solubilized inorganic phosphate. B. licheniformis MH48 produced the phytohormone auxin, which stimulated seedling root development, resulting in increased nutrient uptake in seedlings. Both the bacterial inoculation and the chemical fertilizer treatments significantly increased seedling growth and biomass, and the bacterial inoculation had a greater effect on seedling development. Based on the results from this study, B. licheniformis MH48 showed potential as a biological agent against Fusarium root rot and as a promoter of growth and development of Pinus thunbergii seedlings.