Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
2. Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetic, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem worldwide and is one of the deadliest infectious diseases, only after the current COVID-19 pandemic. Despite significant advances in the TB field, there needs to be more immune response comprehension; for instance, the role played by humoral immunity is still controversial. This study aimed to identify the frequency and function of B1 and immature/transitional B cells in patients with active and latent TB (ATB and LTB, respectively). Here we show that LTB patients have an increased frequency of CD5+ B cells and decreased CD10+ B cells. Furthermore, LTB patients stimulated with mycobacteria’s antigens increase the frequency of IFN-γ-producing B cells, whereas cells from ATB do not respond. Moreover, under the mycobacterial protein stimulus, LTB promotes a pro-inflammatory environment characterized by a high level of IFN-γ but also can produce IL-10. Regarding the ATB group, they cannot produce IFN-γ, and mycobacterial lipids and proteins stimulate only the IL-10 production. Finally, our data showed that in ATB, but not in LTB, B cell subsets correlate with clinical and laboratory parameters, suggesting that these CD5+ and CD10+ B cell subpopulations have the potential to be biomarkers to differentiate between LTB and ATB. In conclusion, LTB has increased CD5+ B cells, and these cells can maintain a rich microenvironment of IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4. In contrast, ATB only maintains an anti-inflammatory environment when stimulated with mycobacterial proteins or lipids.
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Immunology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology,Immunology and Allergy
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