Engineering Biomedical Problems to Detect Carcinomas: A Tomographic Impedance Approach

Author:

Laganà Filippo1ORCID,Prattico Danilo2ORCID,De Carlo Domenico2,Oliva Giuseppe1ORCID,Pullano Salvatore A.1ORCID,Calcagno Salvatore2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Health Science, Magna Graecia University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy

2. DICEAM Department, Mediterranea University, I-89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy

Abstract

Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radiography expose patients to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and ionizing radiation. As an alternative, Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) offers a less EMF-influenced method for imaging by measuring superficial skin currents to provide a map of the body’s conductivity. EIT allows for functional monitoring of anatomical regions using low electromagnetic fields and minimal exposure times. This paper investigates the application of EIT for the morphological and functional assessment of tissues. Using the Finite Element Method (FEM) (Comsol 5.2), both two-dimensional and three-dimensional models and simulations of physiological and pathological tissues were developed to replicate EIT operations. The primary objective is to detect carcinoma by analysing the electrical impedance response to externally applied excitations. An eight-electrode tomograph was utilised for this purpose, specifically targeting epithelial tissue. The study allowed the characterisation of tomographs of any size and, therefore, the possibility to verify both their geometric profile and the ideal value of the excitation current to be delivered per second of the type of tissue to be analysed. Simulations were conducted to observe electrical impedance variations within a homogeneously modelled tissue and a carcinoma characterized by regular geometry. The outcomes demonstrated the potential of EIT as a viable technique for carcinoma detection, emphasizing its utility in medical diagnostics with reduced EMF exposure.

Funder

BATS Laboratory, Department of Health Science ‘Magna Graecia’

NdT&E Laboratory, Department DICEAM ‘Mediterranea’

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference49 articles.

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