Soft-Tissue Management Dental Implants with Digitally Customized Healing Abutments: A Pilot Study

Author:

De Francesco Maurizio1,Ferrara Elisabetta2ORCID,Inchingolo Francesco3ORCID,Dalmaschio Grazieli1,Pispero Alberto4,Inchingolo Angelo Michele3ORCID,Dipalma Gianna3ORCID,Testori Tiziano4ORCID,Tartaglia Gianluca Martino45,Rapone Biagio3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy

2. Department of Human Sciences, Economics, and Law, Telematic University Leonardo da Vinci, Torrevecchia Teatina, 66100 Chieti, Italy

3. Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy

4. Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milano University, 20100 Milan, Italy

5. UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy

Abstract

Background: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digitally crafted customized healing abutments in stabilizing peri-implant soft tissues following tooth extraction and assess the preservation of peri-implant soft tissue architecture over 5 years. Material and Methods: Forty patients (age ≥ 25 years) were divided into test (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. The test group received dental implants with immediate loading after tooth extraction, along with customized healing abutments fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. The control group received dental implants with immediate loading without customized healing abutments. The primary outcome was the change in distance between the peri-implant soft tissue margin and implant fixture surface from baseline to 5 years post implantation. Results: In the test group, there was a significant decrease in the distance between the peri-implant soft tissue margin and fixture surface from baseline to 5 years (p < 0.001), with pairwise comparisons showing significant differences between multiple time points (p < 0.05). The control group showed less pronounced changes over time. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this pilot study, digitally fabricated customized healing abutments appear effective in stabilizing peri-implant soft tissues and preserving soft tissue architecture around dental implants over 5 years following immediate implant placement. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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