Development of Simulation Based p-Multipliers for Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Granular Soil Using 3D Nonlinear Finite Element Model

Author:

Adeel Muhammad BilalORCID,Jan Muhammad AsadORCID,Aaqib Muhammad,Park DuheeORCID

Abstract

The behavior of laterally loaded pile groups is usually accessed by beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation (BNWF) approach employing various forms of empirically derived p-y curves and p-multipliers. Averaged p-multiplier for a particular pile group is termed as the group effect parameter. In practice, the p-y curve presented by the American Petroleum Institute (API) is most often utilized for piles in granular soils, although its shortcomings are recognized. In this study, we performed 3D finite element analysis to develop p-multipliers and group effect parameters for 3 × 3 to 5 × 5 vertically squared pile groups. The effect of the ratio of spacing to pile diameter (S/D), number of group piles, varying friction angle (φ), and pile fixity conditions on p-multipliers and group effect parameters are evaluated and quantified. Based on the simulation outcomes, a new functional form to calculate p-multipliers is proposed for pile groups. Extensive comparisons with the experimental measurements reveal that the calculated p-multipliers and group effect parameters are within the recorded range. Comparisons with two design guidelines which do not account for the pile fixity condition demonstrate that they overestimate the p-multipliers for fixed-head condition.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

Reference45 articles.

1. Pile Foundation Analysis and Design;Poulos,1980

2. Lateral Loading of a Pile in Layered Soil Using the Strain Wedge Model

3. Three dimensional finite element model of laterally loaded piles

4. Three-dimensional analysis of a pile-group foundation;Muqtadir;IJNAMG,1986

5. Three‐Dimensional Nonlinear Study of Piles

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