Wavelength-Tunable, Ultra-Broadband, Biconical, Long-Period Fiber Grating Mode Converter Based on the Dual-Resonance Effect

Abstract

We demonstrated a wavelength-tunable, ultra-wideband, biconical, long-period fiber grating (BLPFG) mode converter in a two-mode fiber based on fusion taper technology and CO2 laser writing technology. Theoretical and experimental results show that after changing the diameter of the two-mode fiber by fusing and tapering, the dispersion turning point of the fiber is adjusted and wavelength-tunable broadband mode conversion is achieved efficiently. Theoretical simulation shows that the mode conversion bandwidth can cover the O + E + S + C band. In the experiment, we fabricated adiabatic tapers with cladding diameters of 113 μm and 121 μm and wrote gratings on these tapers to achieve dual-resonance coupling, thus realizing mode conversion from LP01 to LP11, with a 15 dB bandwidth of 148.8 nm from 1229.0 nm to 1377.8 nm and of 168.5 nm from 1319.7 nm to 1488.2 nm, respectively. As far as we know, this is the first time that fusion taper technology has been used to adjust the window of the dual-resonant coupling of an optical fiber. This work broadens the scope of application of the dual-resonance effect and proposes a general method for widening the bandwidth of a fiber grating with tunable wavelength.