A Computational Model for Determining Tiger Dispersal and Related Patterns in a Landscape Complex

Abstract

Species dispersal from one territorial zone to another is a complex process. The reasons for species dispersal are determined by both natural and human factors. The purpose of this study is to develop a cost surface for a hypothetical landscape that accounts for various species dispersion features. With tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) as the focal species, a computational model for a landscape has been proposed to predict the dispersion patterns of the species’ individuals from one habitat patch to another. Knowing how tigers disperse is very crucial because it improves the likelihood of successful conservation. The likelihood is raised because it strengthens conservation efforts in the targeted regions identified by the proposed model and encourages landscape continuity for tiger dispersal. Initially, four major factors influencing tiger dispersal are explored. Following that, grids are overlaid over the tiger-carrying landscape map. Further, game theory assigns a score to each grid in the landscape matrix based on the landscape features in the focal landscape. Specific predefined ratings are also utilized for scenarios that are very complex and may change depending on variables, such as the interaction of the dispersing tiger with co-predators. The two scores mentioned above are combined to create a cost matrix that is shown across a landscape complex to estimate the impact of each landscape component on tiger dispersal. This approach helps wildlife managers develop conservation plans by recognizing important characteristics in the landscape. The results of the model described in this work might be beneficial for a wide range of wildlife management activities, such as corridor management, smart patrols, and so on. A cost surface over any focal landscape may serve as a basis for policy and purpose design based on current landscape conditions.