Abstract
The original studies demonstrating the efficacy of oral glucose-electrolytes solutions in reducing or eliminating the need for intravenous therapy to correct dehydration caused by acute watery diarrheas (AWD) were focused chiefly on cholera patients. Later research adapted the oral therapy (ORT) methodology for treatment of non-cholera AWDs including for pediatric patients. These adaptations included the 2:1 regimen using 2 parts of the original WHO oral rehydration solution (ORS) formulation followed by 1 part additional plain water, and a “low sodium” packet formulation with similar average electrolyte and glucose concentrations when dissolved in the recommended volume of water. The programmatic desire for a single ORS packet formulation has led to controversy over use of the “low sodium” formulations to treat cholera patients. This is the subject of the current review, with the conclusion that use of the low-sodium ORS to treat cholera patients leads to negative sodium balance, leading to hyponatremia and, in severe cases, particularly in pediatric cholera, to seizures and other complications of sodium depletion. Therefore it is recommended that two separate ORS packet formulations be used, one for cholera therapy and the other for non-cholera pediatric AWD.
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Immunology and Microbiology
Reference88 articles.
1. Reduced Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) Formulation; Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Developmenthttps://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/67322
2. Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions
3. Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Reduced Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Salts Solution in Children With Acute Watery Diarrhea
4. Controlled trial of hypo-osmolar versus world Health Organization Oral rehydration solution;Alam;Indian Pediatrics,2000
5. Standard WHO_ORS versus reduced-osmolarity ORS in the management of cholera patients;Pulungsih;J. Health Popul. Nutr.,2006
Cited by
5 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献