Auger Emitter Conjugated PARP Inhibitor for Therapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancers: A Comparative In-Vitro Study

Abstract

PARP1 inhibitors (PARPi) are currently approved for BRCAmut metastatic breast cancer, but they have shown limited response in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Combination of an Auger emitter with PARPis enables PARP inhibition and DNA strand break induction simultaneously. This will enhance cytotoxicity and additionally allow a theranostic approach. This study presents the radiosynthesis of the Auger emitter [125I] coupled olaparib derivative: [125I]-PARPi-01, and its therapeutic evaluation in a panel of TNBC cell lines. Specificity was tested by a blocking assay. DNA strand break induction was analysed by γH2AX immunofluorescence staining. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays were studied using flow cytometry in TNBC cell lines (BRCAwt/mut). Anchorage independent growth potential was evaluated using soft agar assay. [125I]-PARPi-01 showed PARP1-specificity and higher cytotoxicity than olaparib in TNBC cell lines irrespective of BRCA their status. Cell lines harbouring DNA repair deficiency showed response to [125I]-PARPi-01 monotherapy. Combined treatment with Dox-NP further enhanced therapeutic efficiency in metastatic resistant BRCAwt cell lines. The clonogenic survival was significantly reduced after treatment with [125I]-PARPi-01 in all TNBC lines investigated. Therapeutic efficacy was further enhanced after combined treatment with chemotherapeutics. [125I]-PARPi-01 is a promising radiotherapeutic agent for low radiation dosages, and mono/combined therapies of TNBC.