Biomaterials and Regenerative Agriculture: A Methodological Framework to Enable Circular Transitions

Author:

Stathatou Patritsia Maria12ORCID,Corbin Liz3,Meredith J. Carson1,Garmulewicz Alysia345

Affiliation:

1. Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

2. Center for Bits and Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

3. Materiom, London E8 4QS, UK

4. Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile

5. CABDyN Complexity Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK

Abstract

Biomaterials, used here to signify 100% biobased and biodegradable materials, can offer a promising solution for transitioning away from fossil-based resources, addressing the climate crisis, and combating plastic pollution. To ensure their environmental benefits, biomaterials must derive from regenerative, non-polluting feedstocks that do not compete with food or feed production. From this perspective, agricultural residues and by-products present a favorable feedstock option for biomaterials production. Although this is an improvement over sourcing them from primary crops, the sustainability of underlying agricultural systems must be considered. Furthermore, the nutrient value of biomaterials for specific soil ecosystems is often overlooked despite their compostability. In this research, we investigate the linkages between biomaterials development and regenerative agriculture, a set of farming practices that can effectively sustain the growing human population while enhancing, rather than degrading, ecosystem health. We explore interdependencies between biomaterials’ production and regenerative agriculture for biomass sourcing and nutrient return and suggest a methodological framework to identify mutual benefits. The extent to which regenerative farms can provide biomaterial feedstocks without compromising crop cultivation and ecosystem health is analyzed together with the potential of biomaterials to deliver beneficial nutrients and services to regenerative systems. Applying this framework to the Great Lakes Region, Michigan, USA, an agricultural hub facing environmental degradation and plastic pollution, reveals synergistic linkages that unlock novel circular economy opportunities, including local production of renewable biomaterials for various applications, enhancing food security and bolstering socio-ecological systems.

Funder

The Wege Foundation, based in Grand Rapids, MI, USA

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction

Reference128 articles.

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2. (2023, August 05). Yale Environment 360: The Plastics Pipeline: A Surge of New Production Is on the Way. Available online: https://e360.yale.edu/features/the-plastics-pipeline-a-surge-of-new-production-is-on-the-way.

3. Bioplastics for a circular economy;Rosenboom;Nat. Rev. Mater.,2022

4. The biomaterial age: The transition toward a more sustainable society will be determined by advances in controlling biological processes;Fernandez;Matter,2020

5. Ritchie, H., and Roser, M. (2023, July 14). Plastic Pollution. Available online: https://ourworldindata.org/plastic-pollution.

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