1. Ph.D. Student, Univ. of Nantes and Lebanese Univ., BP 11-5147, Beirut, Lebanon.
2. Professor, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique, Univ. of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6183, Bd. de l’université, BP 152, 44603 Saint-Nazaire, France (corresponding author).
3. Associate Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798.