1. Postdoctoral Fellow, Univ. of Toronto, 105-35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A4 (corresponding author).
2. Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A4.
3. Founding Principal, Creative Urban Projects (CUP), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
4. Center of Research Excellence in Hajj and Omrah, Umm Al-Qura Univ., Makkah, Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 6287.