1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie Univ., Room D215, D Building, 1360 Barrington St., P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2.
2. Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie Univ., Room D215, D Building, 1360 Barrington St., P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2 (corresponding author).
3. Senior Materials Engineer, AMEC Environment and Infrastructure, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada; and Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie Univ., Room D215, D Building, 1360 Barrington St., P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2.