1. Doctor, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai Univ., Xikang Rd. 1, Nanjing 210098, China.
2. Professor, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai Univ., Xikang Rd. 1, Nanjing 210098, China (corresponding author).
3. Professor, College of Civil Engineering, Shandong Univ. of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.