1. Professor and Chair, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI 48202; formerly, Professor, Dept. of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7908.
2. HNTB North Carolina, 345 East Six Forks Rd., Raleigh, NC 27609.
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7908 (corresponding author).