1. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, 3-020 NREF Bldg., Edmonton AB, Canada T6G 2W2 (corresponding author).
2. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, 2024-6250 Applied Science Lane, CEME Bldg., Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z4.