1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 2‐2‐E1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
2. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety Osaka Rosai Hospital Sakai Japan
3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Sakurabashi Watanabe Hospital Osaka Japan
4. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama Okayama Japan
5. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka Police Hospital Osaka Japan
6. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Fukui Cardiovascular Center Fukui Japan
7. Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Japan
8. Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Japan
9. Division of Biomedical Statistics, Department of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Japan
10. Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan