Affiliation:
1. Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
2. Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital Fuzhou Fujian 350001 P. R. China
Abstract
AbstractNear‐Infrared‐II (NIR‐II) spans wavelengths between 1,000 to 1,700 nanometers, featuring deep tissue penetration and reduced tissue scattering and absorption characteristics, providing robust support for cancer treatment and tumor imaging research. This review explores the utilization of activatable NIR‐II photodiagnosis and phototherapy based on tumor microenvironments (e. g., reactive oxygen species, pH, glutathione, hypoxia) and external stimulation (e. g., laser, ultrasound, photothermal) for precise tumor treatment and imaging. Special emphasis is placed on the advancements and advantages of activatable NIR‐II nanomedicines in novel therapeutic modalities like photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and photoacoustic imaging. This encompasses achieving deep tumor penetration, real‐time monitoring of the treatment process, and obtaining high‐resolution, high signal‐to‐noise ratio images even at low material concentrations. Lastly, from a clinical perspective, the challenges faced by activatable NIR‐II phototherapy are discussed, alongside potential strategies to overcome these hurdles.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province
Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology
China Scholarship Council