Constructing the Polymer Molecules to Regulate the Electrode/Electrolyte Interface to Enhance Lithium‐Metal Battery Performance

Abstract

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries, with high energy density and long cycle life, have become the battery of choice for most vehicles and portable electronic devices; however, energy density, safety and cycle life require further improvements. Single‐functional group electrolyte additives are very limited in practical applications, a ternary polymer bifunctional electrolyte additive copolymer (acrylonitrile‐butyl hexafluoro methacrylate‐ poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate‐ methyl ether) (PMANHF) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylonitrile, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4‐hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate. A series of characterizations show that in Li metal anodes, the preferential reduction of PMANHF is conducive to the formation of a uniform and stable solid electrolyte interphase layer, and Li deposition is uniform and dense. At the NCM811 cathode, a film composed of LiF‐ and Li3N‐rich is formed at the cathode‐electrolyte interface, mitigating the side reaction at the interface. At 1.0 mA cm−2, the Li/Li cell can be stabilized for 1000 cycles. In addition, the Li/NCM811 cell can stabilize 200 cycles with a cathode capacity of 153.7 mAh g−1, with the capacity retention of 89.93 %, at a negative/positive capacity ratio of 2.5. This study brings to light essential ideas for the fabrication of additives for lithium‐metal batteries.