Investigating the Influence of Treatments on Carbon Felts for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Author:

Schilling Monja1,Eifert László1,Köble Kerstin1,Jaugstetter Maximilian2,Bevilacqua Nico1,Fahy Kieran F.3,Tschulik Kristina2,Bazylak Aimy3,Zeis Roswitha413ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Helmholtz Institute Ulm Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Helmholtzstraße 11 89081 Ulm Germany

2. Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry II Ruhr University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany

3. Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King's College Road Toronto Ontario M5S 3G8 Canada

4. Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Electronics Communication Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 9 91058 Erlangen Germany

Abstract

AbstractVanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) electrodes face challenges related to their long‐term operation. We investigated different electrode treatments mimicking the aging processes during operation, including thermal activation, aging, soaking, and storing. Several characterization techniques were used to deepen the understanding of the treatment of carbon felts. Synchrotron X‐ray imaging, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with the distribution of relaxation times analysis, and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) revealed differences between the wettability of felts. The bulk saturation after electrolyte injection into the carbon felts significantly differed from 8 % to 96 %. DVS revealed differences in the sorption/desorption behavior of carbon felt ranging from a slight change of 0.8 wt % to over 100 wt %. Additionally, the interactions between the water vapor and the sample change from type V to type H2. After treatment, morphology changes were observed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and EIS were used to probe the electrochemical performance, revealing different catalytic activities and transport‐related impedances for the treated samples. These investigations are crucial for understanding the effects of treatments on the performance and optimizing materials for long‐term operation.

Funder

Fonds der Chemischen Industrie

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

University of Saskatchewan

National Research Council Canada

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Center of Excellence for Learning in Education, Science and Technology

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Energy,General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering,Environmental Chemistry

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