Plasmonic‐Enhanced NIR‐II Downconversion Fluorescence beyond 1500 nm from Core–Shell–Shell Lanthanide Nanoparticles

Author:

Xu Jiamin1,Fu Ming2,Ji Chengyu1,Centeno Anthony3,Kim Dong Kuk1,Evers Koen1,Heutz Sandrine E. M.1,Oulton Rupert2,Ryan Mary P.1,Xie Fang1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Material Royal School of Mines Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK

2. Department of Physics Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK

3. James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK

Abstract

AbstractThis paper reports on the light amplification of NaGdF4:Yb,Er,Ce@NaGdF4:Yb,Nd@NaGdF4 core–shell–shell downconversion nanoparticles (CSS‐DCNPs) in the near‐infrared second biological window (NIR‐II: 1000–1700 nm) by plasmonic nanostructures. Through a precisely controlled plasmonic metallic nanostructure, fluorescence from Yb3+ induced 1000 nm emission, Nd3+ induced 1060 nm emission, and Er3+ induced 1527 nm emission are enhanced 1.6‐fold, 1.7‐fold, and 2.2‐fold, respectively, under an 808 nm laser excitation for the CSS‐DCNPs coupled with a gold hole‐cap nanoarray (Au‐HCNA), while the Er3+ induced 1527 nm emission under a 980 nm laser excitation is enhanced up to 6‐fold. To gain insight into the enhancement mechanism, the plasmonic modulation of Er3+ induced NIR‐II emission at 1550 nm under 980 nm excitation is studied by FDTD simulation and lifetime measurements, showing the observed fluorescence enhancement can be attributed to a combination of enhanced excitation and an increased radiative decay rate.

Funder

Imperial College London

Henry Royce Institute

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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