Affiliation:
1. Department of Psychosocial Science Faculty of Psychology University of Bergen Bergen Norway
2. Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
3. Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare NORCE Norwegian Research Centre Bergen Norway
4. Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
5. Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program McLean Hospital Belmont Massachusetts USA
Abstract
AbstractExposure to potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) is common among children and adolescents and associated with an increased risk of psychiatric diagnoses. This study aimed to ascertain how the number of PTEs differed across adolescent psychiatric diagnoses. Data on PTE exposure were derived from the youth@hordaland survey, and Axis 1 data were from the linked Norwegian National Patient Registry (NPR). Among 10,257 total adolescents, 9,555 (age range: 16–19 years, 53.9% female) consented to register linkage, 8,845 of whom were included in the analyses. Having contact with Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) predicted more PTEs (estimated marginal mean [EMM] = 1.04, SE = 0.05) and exposure to two or more PTEs compared to having no CAMHS contact (EMM = 0.60) after adjusting for age, ethnicity, sex, and parental education. Adolescents diagnosed with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, trauma‐related disorders, conduct disorder, and anxiety experienced significantly more PTEs (EMMs = 0.90–1.63) than those with no CAMHS contact (EMM = 0.57, SE = 0.01). All diagnostic categories except psychosis, autism spectrum disorders, and eating disorders had a significantly higher rate of PTEs compared with adolescents with no CAMHS contact. The study highlights the potential role of exposure to multiple PTEs as a transdiagnostic risk factor, although the level of risk varies between diagnoses.
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health,Clinical Psychology