Carving personality description at its joints: Confirmation of three replicable personality prototypes for both children and adults

Author:

Asendorpf Jens B.1,Borkenau Peter2,Ostendorf Fritz3,Van Aken Marcel A.G.4

Affiliation:

1. Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Germany

2. Martin‐Luther‐Universität Halle‐Wittenberg, Germany

3. Universität Bielefeld, Germany

4. University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that there are three major prototypic patterns of personality description (resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled) in a series of studies including adults' self‐descriptions on the Big Five and parents' Big Five and Q‐Sort judgments of their children, using both replicated cluster analyses and replicated Q‐factor analyses. The consistency of the prototypes across ages, judges, and methods was quantitatively measured. The results confirmed the hypothesis in all studies. Personality, social relationship, and social interaction correlates of the prototypes indicated externalizing tendencies for undercontrollers and internalizing tendencies for overcontrollers for both children and adults. The studies provide strong evidence for a three‐prototype model of personality description at the highest level of analysis for both childhood and adulthood. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Funder

Max Planck Society

German Research Foundation

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Social Psychology

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