1. Interdisplinary Graduate School; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
2. Environmental Chemistry and Materials Group, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute; Nanyang Technological University; 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore 637141 Singapore
3. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
4. School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore