Affiliation:
1. Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
2. Department of Civil Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an China
Abstract
AbstractAfter a highway tunnel fire, the rapid change of the internal ambient temperature directly affects the personal safety of pedestrians. Based mainly on the lateral possibility of fire location and considering the coupling effect of multiple factors in a two‐lane highway tunnel, this study systematically carried out 63 full‐size tunnel fire simulation studies relying on Fluent software. The smoke temperature distribution patterns in the transverse and longitudinal spaces of the tunnel after the fire were revealed. This study shows that the smoke temperature below the tunnel vault is susceptible to the effect of sidewall restraint, making the maximum temperature of the tunnel vault of the offset fire source large; considering the lateral location of the fire source, the maximum temperature prediction formula of the tunnel vault is modified to expose the change law of the longitudinal temperature decay of the vault. This paper reveals for the first time the law of temperature distribution changes at the characteristic height of the human eye on the evacuation platform in the tunnel; the systematic study of the fire source cross‐sectional temperature distribution changes at the key lining structure points, and it is found that a low‐temperature space conducive to personnel escape exists in the lower part of the tunnel away from the fire source side. The results of the study are beneficial to the design of safe evacuation paths in the tunnel and the active emergency evacuation of personnel in the near‐fire source area.
Subject
Metals and Alloys,Polymers and Plastics,General Chemistry,Ceramics and Composites,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Reference35 articles.
1. ndrc.gov.cn.National Highway Network Planning.https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/ghwb/202207/t20220712_1330358_ext.html
2. xxgk.mot.gov.cn.Statistical Bulletin of the Development of China's Transport Industry in 2021.https://xxgk.mot.gov.cn/2020/jigou/zhghs/202205/t20220524_3656659.html
3. Review of research on tunnel fire safety;Hong L;Chin J Underground Space Eng,2005
4. Safety aspects of railway and road tunnel: example of the Lötschberg railway tunnel and Mont‐Blanc road tunnel;Vuilleumier F;Tunnell Underground Space Technol Incorp Trenchless Technol Res,2002
5. The fire catastrophe in the Tauern tunnel: experience and conclusions for the Austrian guidelines;Leitner A;Tunnell Underground Space Technol Incorp Trenchless Technol Resh,2001