Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on circumferential margin positivity and its impact on prognosis in patients with resectable oesophageal cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background The significance of circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement in oesophageal cancer surgery is controversial. This study investigated the relationship between CRM involvement, locoregional recurrence and survival, after surgery alone or with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Patients operated on by one surgeon at a tertiary referral centre between October 1997 and May 2004 were identified from a prospective database. Results Some 242 patients underwent oesophagectomy; 91 had surgery alone, 142 had neoadjuvant chemotherapy and nine neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Among patients with histologically confirmed T3 tumours, 26 (55 per cent) of 47 who underwent surgery alone had CRM involvement, compared with 27 (31 per cent) of 88 patients who completed two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0·005). Thirty-seven (42 per cent) of 89 patients with a negative CRM developed locoregional recurrence, compared with 33 (59 per cent) of 56 with a positive margin (P = 0·032); median survival was 28 and 12 months respectively (P < 0·001). Cox multivariable regression analysis identified CRM involvement as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0·006). Conclusion A positive CRM is an independent predictor of overall survival after oesophageal cancer resection. There has been a significant decrease in CRM involvement with the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.