Superconducting Diode Effect in a Constricted Nanowire

Author:

Zhang Xiaofu12ORCID,Huan Qingchang13,Ma Ruoyan12,Zhang Xingyu1,Huang Jia1,Liu Xiaoyu1,Peng Wei12,Li Hao12,Wang Zhen12,Xie Xiaoming12,You Lixing12

Affiliation:

1. National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences 865 Changning Road Shanghai 200050 China

2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

3. School of Microelectronics Shanghai University 20 Chengzhong Road Shanghai 201800 China

Abstract

AbstractDue to isotropic superconducting properties and the lack of breaking of inversion symmetry for conventional s‐wave superconductors, a nonreciprocal superconducting diode effect is absent. Recently, a series of superconducting structures, including superconducting superlattice, and quantum‐material‐based superconducting Josephson junction, have exhibited a superconducting diode effect in terms of polarity‐dependent critical current. However, due to complex structures, these composite systems are not able to construct large‐scale integrated superconducting circuits. Here, it is demonstrated that the minimal superconducting electric component‐superconducting nanowire‐based diode with a nonreciprocal transport effect under a perpendicular magnetic field, in which the superconducting to normal metallic phase transition relies on the polarity and amplitude of the bias current. These nanowire diodes can be reliably operated near at all temperatures below the critical temperature, and the rectification efficiency at 2 K can be more than 24%. Moreover, the superconducting nanowire diode is able to rectify both square wave and sine wave signals. Combining the superconducting nanowire‐based diodes and transistors, superconducting nanowires hold the possibility to construct novel low‐dissipation superconducting integrated circuits.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Publisher

Wiley

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