Affiliation:
1. College of Graduate Studies Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
2. College of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
3. Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
4. George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences Washington DC USA
5. Clinical Research Center of the Carolinas Charleston South Carolina USA
Abstract
ABSTRACTBackgroundRegenerative medicine seeks to harness the natural healing abilities of the body and has scope for use in the treatment of dermatologic conditions. Stem cell therapy, platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), and exosomes are emerging as key components in regenerative medicine, particularly in skin rejuvenation and repair.ObjectivesThe goal of this article is to review the basic science behind the function of stem cells, PRP, and exosomes in regenerative medicine.MethodsA literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on basic science literature regarding the structure, origin, mechanisms of action, and isolation of stem cells, PRP, and exosomes.ResultsThe evaluation found that stem cells facilitate skin regeneration by modulating the inflammatory milieu. PRP was shown to have positive effects on repairing skin elasticity and improving scars through the release of growth factors. Exosomes were found to enhance fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.ConclusionsStem cell therapy, PRP, and exosomes each show mechanisms that render them useful in regenerative medicine. Future research is needed to further elucidate their mechanisms of action, standardize their isolation procedures, and optimize their potential for clinical application.