1. American Diabetes Association 2012 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/Supplement_1/S11/T2.expansion.html
2. American Geriatrics Society 2003 Guidelines for improving the care of older adults with diabetes mellitus S265 S280 www.americangeriatrics.org/files/documents/JAGSfinal05.pdf
3. Practical management of diabetes in critically ill patients;Boord;American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine,2001
4. Centers for Disease Control 2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011 http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf