Affiliation:
1. Department of Surgery, Baragwanath Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Abstract
Abstract
The management of penetrating cardiac injury is controversial. To facilitate decision making, a simple clinical classification of patients with such an injury is proposed. Five categories are considered: (1) lifeless, (2) critically unstable, (3) cardiac tamponade, (4) thoracoabdominal injury and (5) benign presentation. Investigation, if indicated, and the timing and setting of surgical intervention are discussed for each category.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
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