Highly Stable Liquid Metal‐Based Electronic Textiles by Adaptive Interfacial Interactions

Abstract

AbstractGallium‐based liquid metals with outstanding electrical conductivity and fluidity are widely used in wearable electronics for wireless communication, human–machine interaction, and smart textiles. However, their fluidity makes them easily leak from the embedded conductive circuits under repeatable stretching, mechanical damage, or exposure to acidic and alkaline environments, limiting their reliability in practical use. Here, highly stable LM–polymer composites are shown with the ability to endure significant mechanical or chemical stresses, maintaining low resistance changes (R/R0 = 3.3 and 2.4) after 10 times of standard washing and 24 h of storage in corrosive solutions. The use of fluoropolymer, providing robust interfacial binding with the gallium oxide layer, effectively serves as a barrier layer to withstand mechanical and chemical damage through the synergistic effect of adaptive dipole–dipole interactions among composites and enhanced hydrophobicity. The as‐prepared composites can be readily hot pressed onto commercial fabrics to develop electronic textiles with outstanding conductivity (10214 S m−1), high air permeability (148.6 mm s−1), and moisture permeability (30.3 g m−2). Taking advantage of their excellent stability and permeability, e‐textiles are demonstrated as washable thermal therapy patches and skin‐interfaced electrodes for epidermal biopotential recording.