Examining the associations between physical activity, self‐esteem, perceived stress, and internalizing symptoms among older adolescents

Author:

Wright Laura J.1ORCID,Veldhuijzen van Zanten Jet J. C. S.1,Williams Sarah E.1

Affiliation:

1. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionIn older adolescence, stress has been found to be prevalent. It has been seen that higher physical activity (PA) relates to lower stress levels, which, in turn, relates to fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms (internalizing symptoms). However, how these associations function is not fully understood. PA is strongly associated with greater self‐esteem in adolescents. As greater self‐esteem is thought to aid better coping with stress and has been seen as beneficial for mental health in adolescents, PA may be associated with lower stress and better mental health through self‐esteem and more adaptive stress appraisals. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the relationships between PA, self‐esteem, stress, and mental health.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was employed, and path analysis was implemented. PA, self‐esteem, stress appraisals, distress tolerance, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using online questionnaires from 244 adolescent participants from the United Kingdom (aged 15–19, M = 16.75 [SD = 0.82], 145 female).ResultsPath analysis revealed that PA was associated with lower perceived stress through increased self‐esteem, adaptive appraisals, and higher distress tolerance (total standardized indirect effect; p = .007 (−0.25 to −0.11). Moreover, lower perceived stress was associated with lower anxiety (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [2.65–4.0] and depressive symptoms (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [0.33–0.63]).ConclusionsFindings suggest that higher PA could be effective in improving mental health among older adolescents, due to its association with perceived stress through higher self‐esteem and more adaptive appraisals of stress.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Developmental and Educational Psychology,Social Psychology,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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