The effects of public health and social measures (PHSM) implemented during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An overview of systematic reviews-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The effects of public health and social measures (PHSM) implemented during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An overview of systematic reviews

Published:2024-04-29 Issue:5 Volume:2 Page:
ISSN:2832-9023
Container-title:Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods
language:en
Short-container-title:Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods

Author:

Fadlallah Racha¹²³^ORCID,El‐Jardali Fadi¹²³,Karroum Lama Bou¹²³,Kalach Nour³,Hoteit Reem⁴^ORCID,Aoun Andrew³,Al‐Hakim Lara⁴,Verdugo‐Paiva Francisca⁵⁶,Rada Gabriel⁵,Fretheim Atle⁷⁸,Lewin Simon⁷⁹¹⁰^ORCID,Ludolph Ramona¹¹,Akl Elie A.¹⁴¹²

Affiliation:

1. Center for Systematic Reviews for Health Policy and Systems Research American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

2. Department of Health Management and Policy American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

3. Knowledge to Policy (K2P) Center American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

4. Clinical Research Institute American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

5. Epistemonikos Foundation Santiago Chile

6. Orofacial Pain and TMD Program, Facultad de Odontología Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago Chile

7. Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway

8. Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway

9. Department of Health Sciences Ålesund Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway

10. Health Systems Research Unit South African Medical Research Council Cape Town South Africa

11. Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, WHO Health Emergencies Programme World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland

12. Department of Internal Medicine American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionTo systematically review the effectiveness and unintended health and socioeconomic consequences of public health and social measures (PHSM) aimed at reducing the scale and risk of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).MethodsThis review followed guidance about overviews of reviews in the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions and used the Epistemonikos database's COVID‐19 Living Overview of Evidence repository as a primary search source. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2) checklist.ResultsA total of 94 reviews were included, of which eight (9%) had “moderate” to “high” confidence ratings on the AMSTAR 2. Of 16 reviews (17%) reporting applying the GRADE framework, none found high certainty evidence for any of our outcomes of interest. Across the 94 reviews, the most frequently examined PHSM were personal protection (n = 18, 19%). Within multicomponent interventions, so‐called “lockdown” was the most frequently examined component (n = 39, 41%). The most frequently reported outcome category was non‐COVID‐19‐related health outcomes (n = 58, 62%). Only five (5%) reviews reported on socioeconomic outcomes. Findings from the eight reviews with moderate or high confidence ratings on AMSTAR 2 are narratively summarized. There is low‐certainty evidence that multicomponent interventions may reduce the transmission of COVID‐19 in different settings. For active surveillance and response measures, low‐certainty evidence suggests that routine testing of residents and staff in long‐term care facilities may reduce the number of infections, hospitalizations, and deaths among residents. We found very low‐certainty evidence about the effectiveness of personal protection measures, travel‐related control measures, and environmental measures. Unintended consequences were rarely examined by those eight reviews.ConclusionWe found predominantly low‐ to very low‐certainty evidence regarding the effectiveness and unintended consequences of PHSM in controlling the risk and scale of COVID‐19 transmission. There is a need to improve the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews.

Publisher

Wiley

Link

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cesm.12055

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