Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology

Author:

Tang Dongmei1,Tang Qiuyan2,Huang Wei3,Zhang Yuwei4,Tian Yan5,Fu Xianghui5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

2. Neurology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu Sichuan 610075 China

3. West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

4. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

5. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

Abstract

AbstractOvernutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents a simple but attractive strategy for the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as a dietary intervention for combating overnutrition has been extensively studied. Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently have its roles in the molecular clock, gut microbiome, and tissue homeostasis and function emerged. Fasting can slow aging in most species and protect against various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. These centuried and unfading adventures and explorations suggest that fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions. In this review, recent animal and human studies concerning the role and underlying mechanism of fasting in physiology and pathology are summarized, the therapeutic potential of fasting is highlighted, and the combination of pharmacological intervention and fasting is discussed as a new treatment regimen for human diseases.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

Sichuan University

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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