Affiliation:
1. Department of Pathology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas USA
2. Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas USA
Abstract
AbstractIt's been long thought that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells play a major role in T cell‐mediated antitumor responses, whereas CD4+ T cells merely provide some assistance to CD8+ T cells as the “helpers.” In recent years, numerous studies support the notion that CD4+ T cells play an indispensable role in antitumor responses. Here, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge regarding the roles of CD4+ T cells in antitumor responses and immunotherapy, with a focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind these observations. These new insights on CD4+ T cells may pave the way to further optimize cancer immunotherapy.
Funder
Translational Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
National Institutes of Health