Affiliation:
1. Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education Jilin Normal University Changchun 130103 China
2. Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
3. State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Power Battery & Systems Research Center Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
4. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China
Abstract
AbstractElectrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) powered by renewable electricity is a promising technology to mitigate carbon emissions and lessen the dependence on fossil fuels toward a carbon‐neutral energy cycle. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives, due to their excellent intrinsic activity, have emerged as promising materials for the ECR to high‐demand products. However, challenges such as unsatisfactory energy efficiency, selectivity, and relatively low production rates hinder their industrial scalability. Here, a comprehensive and critical review is presented that summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art progress in MOF‐based and MOF‐derived CO2 electroreduction catalysts from design and functionality perspectives. The fundamentals of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) over heterogeneous catalysts, reaction mechanisms, and key challenges faced by ECR are described first to establish a solid foundation for forthcoming in‐depth analyses. MOF's building blocks, properties, and shortcomings pertinent to ECR including low conductivity and stability, are systematically discussed. Moreover, comprehensive discussions are provided on MOF‐based and MOF‐derived catalysts design, fabrication, characterization, and CO2RR activity to pinpoint the intricate structure‐property‐performance relationship. Finally, promising recommendations are put forward for enhancing MOF electrocatalysts activity, selectivity, and durability. This work may serve as a guideline for developing high‐performance MOF‐related catalysts for CO2RR, benefiting researchers working in this growing and potentially game‐changing area.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China