Lung Ultrasound Signs

Author:

Inchingolo Riccardo1ORCID,Zanforlin Alessandro2ORCID,Buonsenso Danilo3ORCID,Perrone Tiziano4ORCID,Torri Elena4ORCID,Limoli Giuseppe5ORCID,Mossolani Elisa Eleonora6,Tursi Francesco7,Soldati Gino8,Marchetti Giampietro9ORCID,Carlucci Paolo10ORCID,Radovanovic Dejan11ORCID,Lohmeyer Franziska Michaela12,Smargiassi Andrea1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. UOC Pneumologia, Dipartimento Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy

2. Service of Pulmonology, Health District of Bolzano (SABES‐ASDAA) Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Bolzano‐Bozen Italy

3. Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy

4. Emergency Medicine Department Humanitas Gavazzeni Bergamo Italy

5. Department of Pediatrics Lodi Hospital Lodi Italy

6. Emergency Medicine Unit General Hospital Voghera Voghera Italy

7. Pulmonary Medicine Unit Codogno Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lodi Codogno Italy

8. Ippocrate Medical Center Castelnuovo di Garfagnana Lucca Italy

9. Divisione di Pneumologia Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia Italy

10. Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano Respiratory Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital Milan Italy

11. Division of Respiratory Diseases, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Polo Universitario, ASST Fatebenefratelli‐Sacco, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy

12. Direzione Scientifica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy

Abstract

Over the last 20 years, scientific literature and interest on chest/lung ultrasound (LUS) have exponentially increased. Interpreting mixed—anatomical and artifactual—pictures determined the need of a proposal of a new nomenclature of artifacts and signs to simplify learning, spread, and implementation of this technique. The aim of this review is to collect and analyze different signs and artifacts reported in the history of chest ultrasound regarding normal lung, pleural pathologies, and lung consolidations. By reviewing the possible physical and anatomical interpretation of these artifacts and signs reported in the literature, this work aims to present the AdET (Accademia di Ecografia Toracica) proposal of nomenclature and to bring order between published studies.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

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