Cytology of Rhytidhysteron rufulum: An emerging cause of phaeohyphomycosis

Abstract

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is often the first‐line investigation for detection of any fungal infection. Rhytidhysteron rufulum is an emerging dematiaceous fungus detected as a human pathogen. FNAC combined with molecular techniques helps in the detection of rare fungal species, especially in cases of non‐sporulating fungi. We describe the cytomorphologic features of this species in a 62‐year immunocompetent male who presented with a localised subcutaneous infection. Molecular studies helped in the final diagnosis.