1. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
2. Research Institute of Civil Engineering and Mechanics (GeM), UMR CNRS 6183; Ecole Centrale de Nantes; Nantes France
3. State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dong Chuan Road, Minhang District Shanghai 200240 China