1. Department of General Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Alabama at Birmingham
2. Division of Preventive Medicine; School of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham
3. Department of Operative Dentistry; College of Dentistry; University of Florida
4. HealthPartners Research Foundation; Minneapolis MN
5. Kaiser Permanente Northwest Center for Health Research; Portland OR
6. the private practice of general dentistry; Miami FL
7. Jefferson County Department of Health; Birmingham AL