Affiliation:
1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak 35900 Malaysia
2. Disease Control Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Federal Government Administrative Centre Putrajaya 62590 Malaysia
3. Allergy and Immunology Research Centre Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Shah Alam Selangor 40170 Malaysia
Abstract
AbstractBACKGROUNDSnail allergy is rare but can be fatal.Pila polita, a freshwater snail, was considered as a popular exotic food, particularly in tropical countries, and consumed in processed forms. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the major and cross‐reactive allergens ofP. politaand to determine the impact of food processing on the allergen stability.RESULTSSodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis fractionated raw snail extract to approximately 24 protein bands, between 9 and 245 kDa. The prominent band at 33 kDa was detected in all raw and processed snail extracts. Immunoblotting tests of the raw extract demonstrated 19 immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐binding proteins, and four of them, at 30, 35, 42 and 49 kDa, were revealed as the major IgE‐binding proteins ofP. polita. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry identified the 49 and 42 kDa major allergens as actin, whereas the 30 and 35 kDa major allergens were identified as tropomyosin. Immunoblotting revealed that the raw snail had more allergenic proteins than the processed snail. The degree of allergenicity in decreasing order was raw > brine pickled> boiled > roasted > fried > vinegar pickled. The presence of cross‐reactivity betweenP. politaand the shellfish tested was exhibited with either no, complete, or partial inhibitions.CONCLUSIONActin and tropomyosin were identified as the major and cross‐reactive allergens ofP. politaamong local patients with snail allergy. Those major allergens are highly stable to high temperatures, acidic pH, and high salt, which might played a crucial role in snail allergy in Malaysia. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Funder
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Agronomy and Crop Science,Food Science,Biotechnology
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