1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 2‐15 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan
2. Department of Graduate School of Medicine (Cardiology) International University of Health and Welfare Fukuoka Japan
3. Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine Hyogo College of Medicine Nishinomiya Japan
4. Toyama Nishi General Hospital Toyama Japan
5. Division of Cardiology Amagasaki Chuo Hospital Amagasaki Japan