Affiliation:
1. Student Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
2. USERN Office Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
3. Department of e‐Learning, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) Tehran Iran
4. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
5. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
6. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
Abstract
AbstractNeuropsychiatric disorders denote a broad range of illnesses involving neurology and psychiatry. These disorders include depressive disorders, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, headaches, and epilepsy. In addition to their main neuropathology that lies in the central nervous system (CNS), lately, studies have highlighted the role of immunity and neuroinflammation in neuropsychiatric disorders. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are innate receptors that act as a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems via adaptor proteins (e.g., MYD88) and downstream elements; TLRs are classified into 13 families that are involved in normal function and illnesses of the CNS. TLRs expression affects the course of neuropsychiatric disorders, and is influenced during their pharmacotherapy; For example, the expression of multiple TLRs is normalized during the major depressive disorder pharmacotherapy. Here, the role of TLRs in neuroimmunology, treatment, and management of neuropsychiatric disorders is discussed. We recommend longitudinal studies to comparatively assess the cell‐type‐specific expression of TLRs during treatment, illness progression, and remission. Also, further research should explore molecular insights into TLRs regulation and related pathways.
Subject
Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine