1. University of Toronto; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing; 155 College Street Suite 130 Toronto Ontario Canada M5T 1P8
2. University of Central Lancashire; Research in Childbirth and Health (ReaCH) unit; Preston UK PR1 2HE
3. Nottingham University; Academic Division of Midwifery; Post Graduate Centre, City Hospital, Hucknall Rd Nottingham Nottinghamshire UK NG5 1PB