Antiviral, Antibacterial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of a Lyophilized Aqueous Pine Resin Extract

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate antiviral, antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing effects of a lyophilized aqueous pine resin extract. The pine resin toxicity was evaluated by a crystal violet assay at 492 nm for Hep-2 cells and the trypan blue method for P3HR1. The cytotoxicity expressed in CC50 was 12.5 mg/ml and 0.23 mg/ml on Hep-2 and P3HR1 cells, respectively. The antiviral effect was obtained at 4 mg/ml against coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4). Using the diffusion method discs for the antibacterial activity, the extract was more active against Gram+ than Gram−. Inhibition zones of 22 mm were obtained at a 275 mg/ml concentration. Inhibition of violacein production by pine resin extract was tested using Chomobacterium violaceum 026 (CV026) in a medium supplemented with acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL); cytotoxicity was evaluated toward Artemia and its protecting effect against Vibrio harveyi BB120 and then AHL degradation was studied. Results showed that pine resin inhibited violacein production by CV026, was not toxic for Artemia and protected it against Vibrio harveyi BB120; AHL was degraded with inhibition areas from 9.6, 11.03 and 10.26 to 12.34 mm at the contact times of the mixtures “resin-AHL” respectively at 0 h, 4 h 24 h and 72 h. This study constitutes a confirmation of aqueous extract pine resin as antibacterial, by anti-quorum sensing pathway and antiviral efficacy.